Abstract: The paper presents a taxonomical study on the genus Sloanea L. (Elaeocarpaceae) from Yunnan. On the basis of the study of the type specimens of the genus preserved in China, ten species and one variety are recorded from Yunnan, among which Sloanea sigun (B1.) K. Schum. is first recorded from China, S. rotundifolia H. T. Chang is reduced to S. sterculiacea (Benth.) Rehd. et Wils., S. hemsleyana (Ito) Rehd. et Wils. var. yunnanica Coode is reduced under S. hemsleyana (Ito) Rehd. et Wils., S. emeiensis Fang et P. C. Tuan is reduced under S. leptocarpa Diels. The relationships among species are discussed.