Abstract: Phyllostachys heterocycls cv.pubescens forest is an important forest resource in south China.The result of balanced fertilization in the intensively bred Phyllostachys heterocycls cv.pubescens plantations showed that the balanced fertilization could significantly increase the DBH of the plants, improve the quality of bamboo shoot and consequently increase the economic incomes.It was indicated by analyses of net income of the intensively bred bamboo plantation that N₂P₁K₂ was the best fertilizer combination, which could yield the greatest economic benefits.It was demonstrated that the balanced fertilization could not only avoid environmental pollution, save fertilizers but also increase the productivity of Phyllostachys heterocycls cv.pubescens plantation and the economic benefits of the cultivation.So the balanced fertilization was one of the approaches to ensure economic and ecological benefits of intensively bred Phyllostachys heterocycls cv.pubescens plantation in south China.