Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify variety and analyze the genetic diversity of sweet cherry varieties introduced in Yunnan Province. Based on the screening of SSR markers reported in the literature, genotype identification and genetic diversity analysis were conducted on 85 sweet cherry varieties from different bases and resource nurseries in Kunming City, Malong County, Shilin County and Mouding County of Yunnan Province. The findings indicated that 16 SSR markers with good stability and polymorphism were selected; a total of 71 sweet cherry varieties in the 85 ones were duplicated to different degrees, and a sweet cherry variety list containing 31 varieties was sorted out after eliminating the inconsistent names; a total of 74 alleles were amplified with the 16 SSR markers, the size of effective allele(Ne) ranged from 1.1027–3.8363 with a mean value of 2.70, and the Shannon index(I) ranged from 0.2245–1.5151with a mean value of 1.1295. The observed heterozygosity(H_o) ranged from 0.0968 to 0.7742 with a mean value of 0.6250, and the polymorphic information content(PIC) ranged from 0.0931 to 0.7393 with a mean value of 0.5953. The 85 sweet cherry varieties in Yunnan Province actually have 31 genotypes, with a medium to high level of genetic diversity.