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土施不同磷肥对巨尾桉组培苗生长的影响
The Effect of Combined Application of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus and Monoammonium Phosphate on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla Seedlings
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摘要: 以2月生巨尾桉组培苗为研究对象,在盆栽试验条件下,采用单因素随机区组试验设计,设置钙镁磷肥(CMP)和磷酸一铵(MAP)5个不同质量比例配施处理,应用隶属函数分析方法综合评价不同磷肥配比对巨尾桉组培苗苗木生长、各器官养分分配与积累及土壤肥力、养分吸收及基质肥力的影响。结果表明:不同磷肥处理显著提高苗高生长速率、地径生长速率和各器官(根、茎、叶)生物量,均在T4下最高;各处理的巨尾桉苗生长规律基本一致,均为“慢—快—慢”;随着MAP占比的增加,各器官对氮、磷、钾的吸收积累都有不同程度的增加,均显著高于CK ,其中T1的各器官的钾含量最高,T3下多数各器官氮含量、氮积累量有最大值,T4的各器官磷含量、磷积累量、钾积累量最高;T4基质的全磷、速效磷含量最高,T3的铵态氮、硝态氮含量最高,T1的速效钾含量最高。Mantel检验结果表明,除了基质硝态氮,不同磷肥配比下巨尾桉组培苗生长与养分吸收、基质肥力显著相关,通过相关性分析发现,除了根氮,基质全磷、速效磷含量与各器官氮、磷、钾的含量呈显著正相关关系。隶属函数分析结果为T4综合排名第1,说明该处理下巨尾桉组培苗的生长、养分吸收及基质肥力的总体促进效果最佳。在苗木早期生长中,同等N、P、K元素施肥量上,选择T4(mCMP:mMAP=0:4)的施肥处理更有利于巨尾桉组培苗的生长发育、各器官养分的吸收积累及基质养分的增加。Abstract: Taking February-born tissue-cultured seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla as the research object, under pot experiment conditions, a single-factor randomized block design was adopted. Five different proportional combinations of CMP and MAP were set as treatments. The effects of different phosphorus fertilizer ratios on seedling growth, nutrient distribution and accumulation in various organs, soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and substrate fertility were comprehensively evaluated using the membership function analysis method. The results showed that different phosphorus fertilizer treatments significantly improved seedling height growth rate, ground diameter growth rate, and biomass of various organs (roots, stems, leaves), all of which were highest under T4. The growth patterns of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla seedlings across treatments were generally consistent, exhibiting a "slow-fast-slow" trend. With the increase in MAP proportion, the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in various organs increased to varying degrees, all significantly higher than CK. Among them, T1 showed the highest potassium content in various organs, T3 showed the highest nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation in most organs, and T4 showed the highest phosphorus content, phosphorus accumulation, and potassium accumulation in various organs. Substrate total phosphorus and available phosphorus content were highest under T4, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content were highest under T3, and available potassium content was highest under T1. Mantel test results indicated that, except for substrate nitrate nitrogen, the growth of tissue-cultured seedlings under different phosphorus fertilizer ratios was significantly correlated with nutrient uptake and substrate fertility. Correlation analysis revealed that, except for root nitrogen, substrate total phosphorus and available phosphorus content were significantly positively correlated with the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in various organs. Membership function analysis ranked T4 first overall, indicating that this treatment had the best comprehensive promotion effect on seedling growth, nutrient uptake, and substrate fertility. In the early growth stage of seedlings, under equivalent fertilization rates of N, P, and K, the T4 (mCMP:mMAP = 0:4) fertilization treatment is more conducive to the growth and development of tissue-cultured Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla seedlings, nutrient absorption and accumulation in various organs, and the increase in substrate nutrients.
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