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贵州大沙河国家级自然保护区同域分布3种雉类的生境适宜性评价

Evaluation of the Suitable Habitat of Three Sympatric Pheasants in Guizhou Dashahe National Nature Reserve

    摘要
  • 摘要: 以贵州大沙河国家级自然保护区为研究区域，基于红外相机监测数据，借助最大熵模型，分析红腹锦鸡、红腹角雉、灰胸竹鸡3种同域分布雉类的生境适宜性。结果表明：3种雉类在保护区内均拥有较大面积的适宜栖息地，红腹锦鸡适宜栖息地广泛分布于除西南部外的其他区域，适宜栖息地面积为24091 hm2，占保护区面积的89.26%；红腹角雉适宜栖息地主要集中于西北和东北部，适宜栖息地面积为20031 hm2，占保护区面积的74.21%；灰胸竹鸡的适宜栖息地主要集中在西部，适宜栖息地面积为24774 hm2，占保护区面积的91.79%。红腹锦鸡的分布主要受海拔、温度季节性和土地利用类型的影响；红腹角雉的分布最主要受日均昼夜温差和海拔的影响；灰胸竹鸡的分布主要受海拔、坡度的影响。三种雉类适宜栖息地重叠度均处于较高水平，其中红腹锦鸡与灰胸竹鸡的空间重叠度Δ= 0.83，红腹锦鸡与红腹角雉Δ= 0.78、红腹角雉与灰胸竹鸡Δ= 0.74。本研究明确了大沙河保护区3种同域分布雉类适宜生境分布格局、关键影响因子以及适宜栖息地重叠情况。

     

    Abstract: Pheasants are important indicator species for assessing the stability of mountain ecosystems. Using infrared camera data and the MaxEnt model, we evaluated the habitat suitability of three sympatric species, Chrysolophus pictus, Tragopan temminckii and Bambusicola thoracicus in the Guizhou Dashahe National Nature Reserve. All three species were found to occupy extensive suitable habitats: C. pictus (with a suitable habitat area of 24091 hm2, 89.26% of the reserve) occurs widely except in the southwest; T. temminckii (20031 hm2, 74.21%) is concentrated in the northwest and northeast; and B. thoracicus (24774 hm2, 91.79%) is mainly distributed in the west. Habitat suitability for C. pictus is driven by altitude, temperature seasonality, and land use/land cover (LULC) ; for T. temminckii by mean diurnal range and altitude; and for B. thoracicus by altitude and slope. These findings reveal the distribution patterns and key determinants of the suitable habitats for three sympatric pheasants in the Dashahe National Nature Reserve.

     

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