Analysis on Ecological System Structure and Landscape Pattern Changing of Five Types of Nature Reserves in Yunnan Province

Ecological system structure and landscape pattern changing for five types of nature reserves in Yunnan Province were analyzed. The time nodes were the year 2000, 2005 and 2010. The results showed that areas of forest, grassland and wetland in Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve (ALMNNR) increased and arable land decreased. Areas of forest, grassland and wetland in Wuliang Mountain National Nature Reserve (WLMNNR) were not changed obviously and so the same as forest, grassland and wetland in the Haba Snow Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve (HBSMPNR), but its arable land decreased and urban area was increased. A small reduce happened in forest ecosystem in Lancang River Provincial Nature Reserve in Lincang (LCRPNRLC) and it occurred a slight increase of grassland, wetland, arable land and urban land. For Xiaohei Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve (XHMPNR), its forest and grassland area increased and wetland was not increased. There were 0.6 km2 arable land became forest land and 01km2 wetland in ALMNNR. 02km2 arable land were converted into urban land in HBSMPNR. 18km2 and 07km2 arable land changed to forest land and grassland respectively in XHMPNR, and there also had 02km2 and 01km2 forest land of XHMPNR changed to grassland and arable land respectively. LCRPNRLC had 04km2, 01km2 and 08km2 forest land turned into urban land, grassland and wetland respectively, and 01km2 wetland developed to forest land and 01km2 wetland descended to urban land. Each nature reserve had a slowly change and landscape pattern became stability. On the whole, forest ecosystems of all reserves were in the condition of relatively stable development, and forest resources attained an effective protection. However, monitoring and governing of human activities need to strengthen in future.