GC−MS Analysis of Volatile Components from the Heartwoods of 4 Cunninghamia lanceolata Clones

The volatile oils in the heartwoods of Cunninghamia lanceolata clones collected from Kaihua County, Zhejiang Province were extracted and analyzed to clarify the composition characteristics and content differences of volatile components in different clones. The carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction method was used to extract volatile oils, which were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC−MS), respectively. It was found that the yields of volatile oils from the heartwoods of 'Kaihua 3', 'Kaihua 13', 'F24x Na1−1' and 'Daba 8' clones planted in 1998, and 'Kaihua 3' clone planted in 1993 were 1.34%, 1.26%, 1.04%, 1.45% and 1.33%, respectively. Among them, the yield of volatile oil in 'Daba 8' heartwood was the highest. A total of 71 volatile components including 53 kinds of terpenes, 12 kinds of terpene alcohols, 4 kinds of terpene esters, and 2 kinds of the others were identified from the 5 samples of 4 clones, and the 31 compounds are common ones. Among 'Kaihua 3' planted in 1993, 'Kaihua 3', 'Kaihua 13', 'F24x Na1−1' and 'Daba 8' planted in 1998, 48, 48, 52, 52 and 50 volatile components were identified, respectively. The main components in 5 samples were cedarol, α−cobaene, β−caryophyllene and manool, and the content of cedrol was the highest in all samples. The terpenes and terpene alcohols with the higher contents should be the prime fragrance source of the C. lanceolata, but the some differences on the composition and content differences of volatile components in different clones. According to the results from principal component analysis, the 'Kaihua 3' planted in 1993, 'Kaihua 3' and 'Kaihua 13' planted in 1998 were grouped in the same category due to the similarity of the composition and contents of volatile components, and the 'F24x Na1−1' and 'Daba 8' were divided into the other 2 different categories.