Analysis on Ingredient and Content of Essential Oil in Different Parts of Fokienia hodginsii

In order to further develop and utilize the value of Fokienia hodginsii, leaves, heartwood and root essential oils of F. hodginsii with 5 different ages(15, 20, 30, 35, 40 a) were extracted by steam distillation, and the composition of essential oil was detected by GC−MS. The relative content of each component was calculated by area normalization. The changes of yield, and relative content of essential oil with the increase of age were analyzed and compared. The findings indicated that there was no significant different in the yield of leaf essential oil, 51 components were detected from the essential oil of F. hodginsii leaves, and main ingredients were α−pinene, 1−octen−3−ol l, β−pinene, β−myrcene, Z, Z, Z−tetramethyl−1, 4, 7−cycloun−decatriene, junenol, caryophyllene, and dD−limonene. Their relative contents varied significantly with age. The yield of root and heartwood essential oil were significantly increased, but heartwood essential oil was much higher than that of root. The composition of root and heartwood essential oil is basically the same, with 39 common components, main ingredients are γ-muurolene, α-muurolenen, γ−cadinene, δ−cadinene, α−cadinene, α−calacorene, di−epi−1, 10−cubenol, τ−muurolol, τ−cadinol, and α−cadinol, showed increasing trend differences, the content of alcohol in both heart and root essential oil is significantly reduced, among which the relative content of alcohol of the same tree age is higher than that of root essential oil. The essential oils of leaf and wood do not share main ingredients, and the essential oils of root and heartwood are basically the same. The composition of essential oil has significant tissue specificity, which may be related to the cell structure and the type and quantity of enzymes contained in each tissue. According to the obtaining rate and composition of F. hodginsii essential oil, leaves are easy to obtain, and with high biomass. F. hodginsii leaf can be selected for 15 years or more than 35 years according to the required ingredients, combined with economic benefit and the change of essential oil yield and relative content with tree age, the best age of heartwood to extract essential oils essential oil is more than 35 years, and the age of root is 30–35 years, which is consistent with the mature period of F. hodginsii. The relative content of each essential oil is about 90%, which is widely used in the pharmaceutical, pesticide and chemical industries, the possible active ingredients and biological activity of the 3 essential oils can be inferred.