Spatiotemporal Evolution of Landscape Ecological Risk in the Gaoligong Mountain, 2000–2020

In order to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk in Gaoligong Mountain, based on the ecosystem types data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 in the Gaoligong Mountain region, the ecological risk assessment model consists of landscape disturbance and landscape vulnerability. Ecological risk assessment of the region is conducted at a grid scale to analyze its spatiotemporal characteristics. The results show that the study area is dominated by forests, accounting for more than 45% of the total area of the study area, from 2000 to 2020, the average ecological risk of the landscape has decreased by 19.60%, showing a characteristic of "low and relatively low ecological risk distribution as the main pattern, with forest distribution as the dominant factor of low risk". The overall spatial pattern of landscape ecological risk exhibits a low-risk aggregation area centered on the northeast and southwest, and a high-risk aggregation area centered on the northwest and southeast, with a cross-distribution, the centroid of ecological risk shows a migration characteristic of low-grade "northward" and medium-high-grade "southward". In the study period, the landscape ecological risk mainly shows as low-low aggregation areas, accounting for more than 56% of the significantly changed area, indicating a low possibility of drastic changes in local risk. The research results can provide a scientific evidence for optimizing the landscape pattern and preventing ecological risks in the Gaoligong Mountain region.