Species composition and distribution of birds in Liuzhou of Guangxi

A comprehensive inventory of regional bird biodiversity is essential for conservation and research efforts, aiding local authorities in developing scientifically sound management strategies and action plans. This study compiles a list of bird species in Liuzhou, integrating both systematic literature review and field surveys. The revised list documents a total of 399 species, encompassing 69 families and 19 orders, representing 26.5% of China's avian population and 53.6% of Guangxi Province's bird diversity. The list includes 249 breeding species, with residents and summer migrants, and 65.5% of these are of the Oriental type. Among these, 26 species of birds are newly recorded in Liuzhou, and Emberiza yessoensis is a new record in Guangxi Province. From the perspective of endangered species, 7 and 75 birds are listed as national first-class protected species and the second-class protected species, respectively. 21 species are evaluated as threatened species in the red list of China’s vertebrate, and 9 species in International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN). 49 species are listed in the CITES Appendices, of which 4 in CITES Appendix I and 45 in CITES Appendix II, respectively. Furthermore, 12 species are endemic to China. The findings highlight that Liuzhou is endowed with a diverse avian fauna, which significantly contributes to the ornithological richness of Guangxi province. It is recommended that efforts be intensified to protect habitats, enhance nature reserve monitoring, and promote the sharing of biodiversity information to facilitate more effective research and conservation management in Liuzhou.