Study on the Distribution of Vegetation Subtypes in Yunnan and Their Landscape Disturbance Effects

Based on the forest resource inventory data in 2016, 18 vegetation subtypes in Yunnan Province were selected. The MaxEnt model with optimized parameters was used to predict the distribution of vegetation subtypes in combination with climate, topography, soil, and other variables. The differences between the actual and theoretical distributions, and their responses to landscape disturbance, were explored. The results showed that the model prediction accuracy (AUC) was above 0.9 and the TSS was above 0.6. Isothermality (bio3), the lowest temperature of the coldest month (bio6), annual precipitation (bio12), and altitude (Elev) were the main driving factors. The actual distribution was dominated by semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forests, while the predicted distribution was dominated by warm temperate coniferous forests. The analysis of the degree of landscape disturbance showed that the distribution of vegetation subtypes were mainly affected by low to moderate disturbances, and the ecosystem demonstrated some degree of adaptability and resilience. This study provides a scientific basis for regional ecological protection and vegetation restoration, and has important guiding significance for optimizing resource management and consolidating the ecological security barrier function in Yunnan Province.