Effects of Three Pesticides on Toxicity and Enzyme Activity in Adults of Anisandrus dispar

To investigate the toxicity of thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, and flonicamid against adults of Anisandrus dispar and their effects on the activities of detoxifying enzymes and protective enzymes, the indoor toxicity of the three pesticides against A. dispar was determined using the immersion method. Adults were treated with sublethal concentrations (LC₅₀), and dynamic changes in the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CarE), multifunctional oxidase (MFO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were analyzed. The results showed that thiamethoxam had the best lethal effect（72 h LC₅₀ = 2.638 mg/L）, followed by nitenpyram （72 h LC₅₀ = 24.769 mg/L）, and flonicamid was the worst（72 h LC₅₀ = 486.482 mg/L）. Among the detoxification enzymes, thiamethoxam and nitenpyram significantly induced phased increases in GST and CarE activities, but inhibited MFO activities. Flonicamid continued to inhibit GST and MFO activities, and caused CarE activity to increase first and then decrease. Among the protective enzymes, thiamethoxam could significantly induce an increase in POD and CAT activities, while flonicamid had a phased inhibitory effect on SOD and CAT activities.