Abstract: The sweet chestnut(Castanea mollissima) is one of the important fruit trees for food.It has been cultivated in Yunnan for thousands of years.It ranges widely in this province and the resources of its is abundant.Some of them are superior in quality.In central and western regions of Yunnan,our investigations shows that IO types of varieties can be sorted out according to the different external shapes of nut,its constant property and its value for production and scientific reseach.This article describes the feature of these varieties and gives the rates on the quality of the nuts.This article also gives comcnts on its extending application,ac to provide condition for the realization of better quality chestnut cultivation.