Abstract: With the method of comparative ecology,this paper dcals with the growth,yield and leaves' microscopic structure of Chinese Tallowtree of several typical ecological enviornments in Yunnan.The results of water stress experiments on 20-week old seedlings of Chinese Tallowtree and several other droughtenduring plants demonstrate that Chinese Tallowtrees have strong drought-tolerance be-cause the apperance and microscopic structure of Chinese Tallowtree evolve a drought-tolerant structure with the increase of arid degree;the drought-resistant ability in period of seedling of Chinese Tallowtrees is similar to that of several drought-enduring plants,such as Cajanus cajan(Linn) Huth,Phyllanthus emblica.L.etc;the Chinese Tallowtrees grow well in arid heat valley in Yuan-mou,and its yield of seeds per unit of crown in Yuanmou is even higher than that in Suijiang and other main-productive areas.Based on the above investi-gation,this paper suggests some new ideas about the drought-tolerance and suitable area for planting Chinese Tallowtrees.