Abstract: The chestnut trees(Castanea mollissima Bl.) in Yiliang are noted for their early fruits and maturity;growing bumper,strong adaptation and resistance,stable and good harvest.The plump fruits are sweet,fragrant,crisp,tender and glutinous.Generally,the trees begin to flower and fruit with in 2~5 years;ripen in August and at their best after ten years.Many 300-year old trees still have rich flowers and fruits;growing vigorously with high quality and output,which are fine local strain,valuable nut and wood-food in Yunnan prorince.