Abstract: Poliothyrsis Oliv. only includes 1 species, and this is dividing one, but it is difficult to be seperated into more species or varieties. Its distribution is also discussed. In Jiangxi, it is a new record of this genus and there isn't this genus in Yunnan. Its distributional area is between 24° 30'~34° 30'N.,104°~120° E.,and the Qinling Mountains, Wushan Mountains, Daloushan Mountains, Miaoling Mountains, Nan ling Mountains, and Wuyi Mountains are the natural boundaries of its distributional area. On the other hand, the author analysizes its ecological factors as well.