Abstract: The gaoligongshan natural reserve is located in western Yunnan,at latitude 24°56'~26°09'north,longitude 98°34'~98°50'east.The total area is 1239 square kilometers.Because of the different kinds of climates, the resources of plants are extremely rich in this area. There are many rare and precious plants there. These rare and precious plants can be diveded into two categories:1) The major protected plants at national level(2,7,and 12 species are in Class One, Two and Three respectively); 2) The protected plants at provincial level(4, 12, and 9 species are in Class One, Two and Three respectively).This paper also discusses the conception, pesent condition of the rare and precious plants and the significance of their protection.