Abstract: The problem of how to compensate for the value of public ecological forests is one of the difficulties of forestry market reform, also, it is a point to which close attention has been paid by forestry circle.By analyzing the value of public ecological forests, this paper advances a theory to evaluate the value of public ecological forests and the countermeasures to set up a compensating value system of public ecological forests.Moreover, it seeks to establish a theoretical foundation for the sustainable development of public ecological forests.