Abstract: A detailed exposition has been given out about the present state of the distribution, number, exploitation and utilization, the major existing problems and the direction and ways of its reasonable exploition and utilization of Thelephora vialis Schw and T. aurantiotincta Corner in Yunnan Province by means of on-the-spot investigation on the main distribution and processing area of the excellent wild edible mush-rooms, Thelephora vialis Schw and T. aurantiotincta Corner in Yunnan. The article has also introduced two new successful techniques of exploitation and utilization and some basic work has been done for the exploilation and utilization of the natural resources, thus filling a gap in this area.