Abstract: Bamboo is a kind of very important forest resource,its ecological environmental benefits in the west mountainous regions in China was analyzed.In the light of the great importance of forest resource protection by "substituting bamboo for wood",environmental construction promotion in the west mountainous regions,accomplishment of the programs of "returning farmland to forests" and "natural forest conservation" and the sustainable development of bamboo industry,the strategy that developing bamboo pulp industry for integrated utilization of bamboo plants,combining the industry development with ecological improvement was elaborated to realize the rational circulation of resource nurture and utilization,and to fulfill the sustainable development of society,ecology and economy in the west mountainous regions in China.