Abstract: The Bitahai Nature Reserve is located in Shangri -la County, northwestern Yunnan Province, between 99°40'~100°09' E, 27°46'~27°57' N, with a total area of 33 070.3 hm2.Because of its peculiar geographical position, it was influenced very little during the 4th Ice Age and many locations inside the Nature Reserve provided ideal refugee for some ancient plant species.It was found out that there are many rare and precious plants in the Nature Reserve area, which can be divided into two categories:the major protected plants at national level (one species in the first class;seven species in the second class;and eight species in the third class respectively).The major protected plants at provincial level (five and six species in the second class and the third class respectively).Some countermeasures for the rare and precious plants conservation were also discussed in the paper.