Abstract: The universal jojoba oil ester is mainly composed of 20 or 22 carbon atoms long fatty alcohols and fatty acids with complex components and structure, which is uniquely similar in structure with sperm whale oil in the kingdom of biology.Natural distribution and nomenclature of Simmondsia chinensis, and scientific importance of its development were elaborated respectively in this paper.The economic benefits and market prospects of growing Simmondsia chinensis were analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures to tackle with the existing and possible problems related to developing Simmondsia chinensis in China were put forward.