Abstract: Liangshan Prefecture is located in the cliffy mountainous area in southwest China, the ecological environment is generally weak and fragile.Because of exceeded forest felling in the past few decades, various natural disasters have taken place more frequently and agricultural production has developed slowly for lacking of ecological protection.Some ecological programs, such as "Returning the Farmland back to Forest or Grassland" and "Natural Forest Conservation" have been undertaken in the area recently, but there are both policy and technique problems that restrain the environmental amelioration. Stable plant communities might be established whenmore attention is paid to the consistency of vegetation and heterogeneity of ecosystem through taking advantage of native tree species according to specific site conditions, composing rational species structure and coordinating ecological functions of each species.