Abstract: Lashihai Nature Reserve is the first wetland nature reserve in Yunnan Province.77 species and subspecies of waterfowl in the area were recorded, which accounted for 57.46% of the total 134 species of recorded waterfowl in Yunnan and 28.41% of the total 271 waterfowl species recorded in China.Among there are 37 wading bird species and 40 swimming bird species belonging to 7 orders, 14 families.Compared with previous record, 14 new species were added in the nature reserve.5 of these waterfowl species are listed as Grade Ⅰ national protection level and 6 species are listed as Grade Ⅱ national protection level.The total population of overwintering migratory waterfowl in Lashihai Nature Reserve reached over 50 000 during the winter seasons.It was demonstrated that the Lashihai Nature Reserve is an important route way and an ideal flocking area for migratory waterfowl to overwinter.The major problems were pointed out and some suggestions were put forward to improve the conservancy and administration of the Nature Reserve.