Abstract: Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy technique is a highly efficient and a rapid modern analysis program widely adopted in varied fields. The course of development, the working mechanism, the analysis process, the working traits and the functions of the technique were briefly introduced. The application of the technique to different industrials such as in pulp manufacturing, papermaking, forecasting of timber nature, timber processing and the application of composite wooden materials were discussed. The application prospect of the technique to wood industry was analyzed in this paper.