Abstract: The population structure of dominant species and development of the natural evergreen deciduous forest of Altingia gralilipes in Nanping, Fujian was analyzed by the method of spatial sere substituting for time sere. The results are as follows. The age structure of Altingia gralilipes and Castanopsis fargesii populations was stable; while Schima superba and Castanopsis fissa populations had increasing age structure. The overall relatedness and interspecific association of the 17 main tree species were examined by using variance ratio (VR) and X² test by 2×2 contingency table. The results showed that the interspecific association of the tree species was generally negative, and there were more paired species with negative association than those of paired species with positive association.