Abstract: Phyllostachy prominens is a famous shoot and timberused bamboo species. Mulching management is an important cultivation measures for bamboo to early shoot and get high profit. To protect the sustainable development of P. prominens plantations, we had carried on mulching management in continuous 2 years and then analyzed the effects of mulching management on morphology, root activity, antioxidant system and nutrient content of 2yearold bamboo rhizome. The results showed that mulching management for 2 years had no significant effect on length, diameter, root activity, POD activity and content of MDA, soluble protein, Mg and Fe in rhizome root, while CAT activity, content of N、P、K、Ca increased significantly, and SOD activity and soluble sugar content decreased markedly. All results indicated that mulching management in continuous 2 years had no adverse impact on morphology and antioxidant system of rhizome root, but advanced nutrient absorption and storage. Therefore, mulching management of Pprominens plantations could be implemented for 2 years.