Abstract: Eight tree species of the Governance trees were collected during raining season and dry season for the study in Semi-arid Southern Subtropical Rocky Desertification Mountain area in Jianshui County, Southeast Yunnan. The moisture condition of the sample trees was determined by PV technology. The drought-resistant physiological indexes and the contents, including malondialdehyde(MDA), free proline (Pro), ascorbic acid peroxidase(AsA POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide disambiguation enzyme (SOD) activity and cell membrane permeability, soluble sugar (SS), free amino acid (AA) in the plant cells of the 8 major tree species, were analyzed by physicochemical and principal component analysis methods. The calculation results of each principal component score and total score of each tree species with principal component analysis method showed that the drought resistance ability of 8 species：Fraxinus malacophylla＞Cerasus cerasoides＞Pistacia weinmannifolia＞Leucaena leucocephala＞Cupressus lusitanica＞Pinus elliottii＞Alnus nepalensis＞Sophora viciifolia. It is suggested that Fraxinus malacophylla,Cerasus cerasoides and Pistacia weinmannifolia can be the best tree species for the forestation in southeastern Yunnan based on 4year practice in the area.