Abstract: In this study,Populus deltoides of one year old plant cultivated in some area surrounding Kunming, such as Aziying, Yiliang, Luqian, Xundian, in which have favorable soil condition and thickness of soil have reached 85-100 cm, were conducted to study the adaptation and flooding tolerance of Populus deltoides planted in Kunming city. The results showed that Populus deltoides planted for three years, survival rate of Populus deltoides in Aziying, Yiliang, Luqian were above 95%, and then growth of average height, of average diameter at breast height and of average canopy on nurserygrown plant were 42m, 4cm, 936cm, respectively. Simultaneously, the growth of average height, diameter at breast height and canopy had reached 14 m, 13 cm, and 310 cm respectively at place of Aziying, Yiliang, Luqian. Compared with habitat and suitable area, its growing states achieved normal fastgrowing level at the three regions. Populus deltoides planted in plots of underground level of 50 cm, 100 cm and 150 cm for three years, the average survival rate was about 85%. Among of them, the growth of Populus deltoides was the best in underground water level of 100 cm. It was worse for growth condition of Populus deltoides in coteau plots than in dam beside highway, especially in side of rate of infection diseases and pests, the death rate of branch. Consequently, Populus deltoides should not planted at middleupper part of coteau.