Abstract: On the basis of reference of forefathers′ research results, the spatial distribution of forest biomass in China as well as the regional vegetation, annual average temperature, annual precipitation and altitude on the influence of the spatial distribution of forest biomass, in order to the sustainable development of forest resources in China and provide reference for operation and management. Research shows that: the spatial distributions of forest biomass obvious in our country, from the east side to the west are gradually reduced, and the overall distribution of China's forest biomass is northeast China > southwest China > the south region of China. the regional vegetation and the regional forest biomass of vegetation are characterized by warm temperate zone < cool < temperate zone < subtropical zone < tropical forest; different forest types of forest biomass of deciduous broadleaved forest < needle broadleaf mixed forest < coniferous forest < evergreen broadleaved forest < the law of the tropical forest. moderate average annual rainfall is the main factors influencing the forest biomass and forest biomass the basic with the increase of annual average temperature, rainfall and increasing gradually. different altitude gradient has a significant impact on forest biomass, with increasing altitude forest biomass basic trend of gradually reduce.