Abstract: The study collected three periods of forest survey data which is 1989,1999 and 2009 in Liangshui national nature reserve,combined with volumebiomass conversion equation and average carbon content rate of dominate species, calculated carbon storage of tree layer, analyzed dynamic change of carbon storage and carbon density based on area groups and age groups. The results showed that: Forest area and carbon storage of tree layer at Liangshui national nature reserve has increased steadily over 20 years′ effective protection. The forest area reached at 6 3309 hm2 in 2009, forest coverage rate is over 98 %,carbon storage of tree layer is 434 054 t, average carbon density of tree layer is 686 t/hm2.The carbon density of tree layer of natural forest is 701 t/hm2 and 538 t/hm2 for plantation.The carbon storage of tree layer in eachfield grown steadily during the past 20 years, the growth rate range as natural forest experiment area(1002%) > plantation experiment area(582 %)> secondary forest experiment area(556 %)> core area(329 %), the classification protection effect is obvious; The main body of forest at this region is mature forest and overmature forest,carbon density of tree layer is proportional to the forest age, each forest age groups′ carbon density are as flowing:youngage forest(507 t/hm2)