Abstract: The wood surfaces of Pinus kesiya and Betula alnoides were modified at different times using perfluorohexane plasma polymerization. The wettability of the wood surfaces before and after modification, element composition and their chemical bonding information, and surface morphology were measured and analyzed by contact angle measurement, Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the water contact angle of both two kinds of wood surfaces first increased and then decreased slightly with the increase of treatment time, and reached a maximum of water contact angle value with 9 min treatment. The water contact angle value of early wood and late wood of Pinus kesiya and Betula alnoides is 1301°, 1312° and 1355°, respectively. When treatment time was 9min, the wood surfaces F content for Pinus kesiya and Betula alnoides were 3392% and 2473%, respectively. Furthermore, the functional groups of the polymerization polymer films were mainly composed of CC, CCFn, CF, CF2 and CF3. After plasma polymerized perfluorohexane was applied to wood surfaces, irregular structure formed on the cell wall surface of Pinus kesiya, whereas a twistslike structure formed on Betula alnoides.