Abstract: The data of Philanthropy emblematic, Vaccinium bracteatum and Myrica nana shrub were taken from 31 sample places to analyse of the organic carbon content characteristics and influence factors in dominant shrub soil in Yunnan. Important findings indicated that the organic carbon content of P.emblematic decreased from southeast to northwest, and that of V.bracteatum, and M.nana decreased from central to surrounding. Mean value of soil organic carbon content of P.emblematic was 0.32-0.96 g/kg, and that of V.bracteatum, and M.nana were 0.71-0.85 g/kg. There were significant differences in organic carbon content in different soil layers of P.emblematic shrub and the organic carbon content decreased downward from the surface layer. Organic carbon content of V.bracteatum, and M.nana in different soil layers was no significant. Soil organic carbon content of P.emblematic has a negative correlation with litter biomass and altitude, and was positively correlated withshrub coverage and organic nitrogen content, and altitude was the main influencing factor. Soil organic carbon content of V.bracteatum, and M.nana has a negative correlation with altitude and was positively correlated with litter biomass, shrub layer coverage and organic nitrogen content, and litter biomass was the main influencing factor.