Abstract: The study analyzed soil bacterial groups of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations in 3 different developmental stages based on 16S rDNA library construction and high-throughput sequencing technology. It aim at explain the impact of different developmental stages of C.lanceolata plantation on soil bacterial populations. The results showed that at present the 16S rDNA technology was reliable which had the identification proportion of 80% or more; different developmental stages C.lanceolata plantation bacterial phyla were identified 39 species, 100 classes, 151 orders. There was no significant difference between 3 functional index in different developmental stages, and had less relevancy with some other chemical properties. Acidobacteria, Actinomycetes, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia bacteria were the most important categories. Acidobacteria abundance in different developmental stages was listed in order: Youth stand < Middle stand < Mature stand. Proteobacteria was ordered by abundance as: Youth stand> Middle stand > Mature stand. Based on beta index analysis showed that young forest had the lowest internal similarity compared to the immature and old-growth forests. The high similarity between old-growth forests, relatively low degree of similarity between the young forest with the other two developmental stages.