Abstract: Taking leaves of Phoebe neurantha, Phoebe bournei, Phoebe chekiangensis, Phoebe sheareri and Phoebe zhennan as materials, which made comprehensive analysis and comparison on morphology. Using hyperspectral technology, the spectral collection and extraction of 5 species Phoebe were carried out. The discriminant analysis method was used to discriminate the characteristic bands and the Fisher linear discriminant method was used to construct the discriminant analysis model. Results showed that there were significant differences among P.neurantha, P.zhennan and P.sheareri, and they were easier to distinguish. But P.zhennanwas was similar to P.bournei. It was difficult to distinguish them from each other only based on the gross-morphology and epidermis adhesion of the leaves. The spectral reflectance characteristics of 5 species Phoebe mainly focused on 300 nm to 1 100 nm. There was a reflect crest between wavelengths 530 nm to 580 nm. The sequence of the refection wavelength was P.neurantha > P.bournei > P.zhennan > P.chekiangensis > P.sheareri. 5 species of Phoebe can be easily distinguished from discriminant analysis model. It also provide a new practicable way for identifying Phoebe species more quickly.