Abstract: With methods of quadrate and line transect, the national key protected wild plants in Yingjiang were investigated. According to the species richness, species density and the number of protected plants, the resource distribution characteristics of the national key protected wild plants under 3 different land use patterns in nature reserves, public welfare forest areas and other regions were analyzed. The results showed that the distribution of the key protected plants was uneven in Yingjiang. Species and county of the protective plants generally declined from the western of China-Myanmar border to the Yingjiang River, and then gradually increased to the eastern of Daying Mountain. Density of key protected plants gradually reduced from Nature Reserve to Public Welfare Forest Area to Other Regions. According to the situation of protection of plant protection, the urgency of the protection was discussed and the gap of plant protection was analyzed. It provided a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of biodiversity conservation.