Abstract: To study the genetic variation of resin yield and chemical components, the resin yield and chemical components were measured and the variation and correlation among the components of 40 clones were analyzed. Results showed that among the components of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis resin, all the components except dehydroabietic acid were significantly different from other clones, and its heritability was 0.53-0.96. The highest content of turpentine in the diterpene component was palustric acid, content of 27.06%. There was a significant negative correlation between α-pinene and β-pinene. There was a significant positive correlation between α-pinene and camphene and a significant positive correlation between fat production and α-pinene. Therefore, these chemical components by a strong genetic control, selection of breeding potential, could achieve better breeding effect.