Abstract: The wild populations of Citrus hongheensis were investigated to study the diversity of leaf phenotypes in cultivated and wild populations. The variance of 13 leaf morphological characters in the population and between the cultivated and wild populations were discussed by the variance analysis and other methods. The results showed that the average values of 8 leaf characters in cultivated were greater than these in wild population, while 5 leaf characters in wild population were slightly greater than these in cultivated population. The variance degree of all leaf characters in the same population were different and the variance degree of the same leaf character in 2 populations was also different. The coefficients of variance of LWL/TLL was minimal in 2 populations. The coefficients of variance of other 12 characters(except WWL)in cultivated population were greater than these in wild population. For most leaf characters, the differences between populations were extremely significant or significant, though the difference of LWL/WWL, LL/WL and WL/WWL were not significant.