Abstract: In order to understand the comprehensive quality of main Olea europaea varieties in Yunnan, economic traits of 9 O.europaea varieties were measured and principal components and comprehensive evaluation were carried out. The results indicated that the degree of variation of fruit economic traits was different among different varieties. The variable coefficient was in the range of 2.99%-43.59%. 3 characteristic principal components, which the value was larger than 1, were extracted by principal component analysis, and their cumulative contribution rate reached 82.604%. The order of comprehensive score was as Coratina > Koroneiki > Frantoio > Arbequina > Leccino > Picual > Erahi 8 > ChengGu 32 > Ascolana tenera.