Abstract: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was used for reflecting the ratio of the surface oxygen to carbon (O/C) and the changes of C1s peaks between Pinus massoniana samples and preservative treated samples. Infer the corrosion effect of samples which was treated with distilled water extractives from the xylem of Cinnamomum camphora as well as camphor. The results showed that P.massoniana samples treating with preservatives after decayed which compared to the samples without decayed. The surface C1s peak area increased, the O/C ratio decreased, the increased of C1 peak area and C2 reduced. So, the brown-rot fungi to the degradation of each sample all have certain effect. The samples treated with camphor preservative after brown rot had higher O/C ratio than P.massoniana decayed wood and the reduction degree of C2 was smallest. However, the O/C ratio of samples treated with distilled water extractives from the xylem of C.camphora was less than P.massoniana decayed wood and the reduction degree of C2 was largest. All results above indicated that samples treated with camphor had some anti-fungal effect to brown-rot fungi, while distilled water extractives had no anti-fungi effect.