Abstract: Based on the forest fire data of southwest China from 2007 to 2016, the spatial and temporal distribution of fire in this area was analyzed by statistical description, and the forest fire was classified by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. And quality of forest fire in southwest China was evaluated. The results show that from 2007 to 2010, the number of fires and the area of fire site were higher in 2007-2010, and there was no obvious interannual change. After 2010, the number of fires and the number of casualties in various regions decreased by a large margin, but the number of casualties increased in 2015. In general, the number of fires in Guizhou Province was the highest, followed by that in Guizhou Province. According to the comprehensive situation of fire, the forest fire is divided into 14 categories according to the severity of fire, among which, the fire situation in Guizhou province was the most severe, the general fire was more serious, the number of fire increasedyear by year, its origin was Yunnan province, Sichuan province, etc. The research result can provide certain reference for the forest fire prevention practice and forecast forecast work in the region.