Abstract: In order to further study and utilize the resources of Juglans regia in China, the appearance characteristics, nutrients and fatty acid composition and content of walnut in Zhenan, Zhashui, Shangzhou and Shanyang in southwestern Shaanxi were determined. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the oil traits of J.regia from different producing areas. The results show that there are significant differences in the weight of 11 kinds of J.regia samples and the weight of single fruit heavy nucleolus.The fruit at Shanyang has the largest longitudinal diameter, and the diameter of the fruit at Zhenan is the largest. the walnut has the smallest longitudinal and longitudinal diameter, but has the largest single fruit weight and kernel weight. The J.regia at Zhashui has the smallest diameter in the fruit, but the single fruit quality and the kernel quality are the largest. The fatty acid composition of J.regia oil from different producing areas is basically the same, mainly containing linoleic acid. Followed by oleic acid, linolenic acid and palmitic acid, the content of stearic acid is low, the content of unsaturated fatty acids is much higher than that of saturated fatty acids, and most of them are polyunsaturated fatty acids. There is a significant difference in the content of fatty acids among different samples. Among all the fatty acid compositions of J.regia oil, T₁ has the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids and the lowest T₁₁. According to the composition and content of fatty acids, the principal components analysis and cluster analysis of J.regia samples were divided into 3 categories. T₇, T₁₀ and T₁₁ are low linoleic acids. T₁, T₈ and T₉ are high linoleic acid; the remaining samples are medium linoleic acid content.