Abstract: Xishuangbanna, as an unique hotspot for the conservation of tropical rain forest in China, is of great significance in analyzing the change of vegetation cover. Based on MODIS NDVI remote sensing data, the M-K test and variance evaluation method were used to analyze the trend of vegetation cover change in Xishuangbanna from 2001 to 2015 in time and space. The results show that the monthly variation shows a typical unimodal distribution, the trend of annual trace fluctuated and the seasonal variation is consistent with the plant growth period. From the spatial sequence analysis, the vegetation cover in the eastern part is higher than that in the western part, and the changes in the cover in the middle and eastern parts have obvious fluctuations. It shows that annual, seasonal and monthly variations of vegetation index in the study area are basically in line with the characteristics of the local vegetation growing season.