Abstract: Taking the suspended sediment in Dianchi Lake of Yunnan Province as the research object, the sample sites were recorded by handheld GPS devices, the water samples were collected, and its suspended sediment concentration was measured by filtration and drying method. The estimation model of suspended sediment content was established by hyperspectral data based on HJ-1A HSI images. The results showed that there was a reflecting peak near 470 nm on spectral curves of Dianchi Lake, which is different from case II water in plain area. The different reflectance performance of visible and near infrared bands in different concentration of suspended sediment. The partial features of the original spectrum could be highlighted by spectral transformation. The correlation could be effectively improved by the variables of dual-band combination. The best estimation model of suspended sediment concentration was the multivariate stepwise regression model based on reciprocal transformation, and R², RMSE and RE were respectively 0.435, 10.402 mg/L and 27.601%.