Abstract: Using 7 years of Camellia oleifera 'Changlin 4#' as test material, using orthogonal design method, spraying foliar fertilizer and growth regulator with different concentration ratio before flowering stage, and analyzing its effect on the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens. Results showed that foliar application of foliar fertilizer and growth regulator have significant effects on the anther characteristics of C. oleifera. The application of 0.2 g/L H₃BO₃+0.10 g/L KH₂PO₄+0.10 g/L 2,4-D is most beneficial to the growth of anthers and has the greatest influence on the surface texture of pollen. The effect of application 0.2 g/L H₃BO₃+0.05 g/L KH₂PO₄+0.20 g/L 2,4-D on the axial length/equatorial axis length maximum. Sprayed 0.15 g/L H₃BO₃+0.15 g/L KH₂PO₄+0.20 g/L 2,4-D, C. oleifera has the biggest increases of the fruit setting rate that is 27.93%, and the fruit setting rate is 42.88%. Thus, spraying a certain concentration of foliar fertilizer at flowering stage can promote the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens C. oleifera.