Abstract: In order to discuss the variation of tree indexes and fruit traits among different Camellia oleifera varieties and evaluate the grade of the varieties comprehensively, tree indexes and fruit traits were analyzed by ANOVA, multiple comparison, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that there was a certain degree of variation on the tree indexes and fruit traits, with an average coefficient of variation of 17.57%. The variation coefficient of yield per plant was the largest, and the fruit longitudinal diameter variation coefficient was the smallest; The repeatability of all tested traits was higher than 0.5, which means that all traits are of high repeatability, the differences are mainly affected by genetic diversity; There were significant differences in traits among the tested varieties. The fruit economic characters of Gan84-8 and Changlin4 were better than those of others and the yield per plant of Changlin3 was higher than that of others; The tree body of ChangLin40 is relatively tall. According to the results of cluster analysis, 12 varieties were divided into 4 categories, and the best ones were Changlin4, Changlin53, Gan83-4. Gan84-8, Gan84-3 and Ganwu1 were respectively better. Ganxing48 ranked the worst. The tree indexes and fruit traits of the investigated C.oleifera varieties showed a large variation range and were of high level of genetic diversity.