云南宁蒗泸沽湖机场鸟类多样性及鸟击风险评估

Avain Diversity and Bird Strike Risk Evaluation in Ninglang Luguhu Airport, Yunnan

  • 摘要: 2017年7月至2018年4月,采用样带法对云南宁蒗泸沽湖机场内及锥形面区域进行鸟类调查。根据鸟类的群大小、遇见频次、生境利用和飞行高度等指标,对每种鸟在不同季节的鸟击风险值进行测算。结果表明:共记录到鸟类16目51科171种,其中留鸟113种,夏候鸟24种,冬候鸟18种,旅鸟16种,分别占总数的66.08%、14.04%、10.53%和9.36%;宁蒗泸沽湖机场的鸟类群落组成具有明显的季节性变化,春、秋季观察到的鸟种数明显高于夏、冬季;基于鸟类的重要值和风险系数,确定了以留鸟为主的20种高风险鸟类,以秋季的高风险鸟种最突出。根据高风险鸟类的生态特征,提出针对宁蒗泸沽湖机场鸟击防范的建议,并强调对机场东北方向的猛禽迁徙通道作进一步监测。

     

    Abstract: Using line transect method, we investigated the avian community in the region of Ninglang Luguhu Airport and its conical surface area from July 2017 to April 2018. According to the flock size, encountering frequency, habitat use and flight height of the recorded birds, we calculated and evaluated bird strike risk value for each species in different seasons. The results showed that a total of 171 bird species were recorded at Ninglang Luguhu Airport, belonging to 51 families and 16 orders, which included 113 residents (66.08%), 24 summer visitors (14.04%), 18 winter visitors (10.53%), and 16 passing migrants (9.36%). It had an obvious seasonal change for avian community composition in the area of Ninglang Luguhu Airport. Bird species in spring and autumn were higher than that in summer and winter. According to the evaluation on the species risk, 20 bird species were listed as high-risk species for potential bird-strike in this area, and the highest risk species were most pronounced in autumn. According to the ecological characters of highest risk species, we provided several suggestions on the prevention of bird strike, emphasizing on the monitoring of the raptor migration pass northeast to the airport.

     

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