Abstract: Precision cultivation of high-quality and efficiency artificial timber forests (HQEATF) is the main approach to meet the increasing timber demand of the world, which have demonstrated many successful cases in developed countries of the forestry. Through expounding the concept, necessary conditions and primary measures of the HQEATF precise cultivation, the paper put forward that the most suitable forest land (including ecological area and site), the selection of tree species involved improved variety, and the technology accumulation of artificial forest cultivation etc. are the fundamentals of the HQEATF precise cultivation; and the primary measures of cultivating the plantation includes comprehensive cognition of managers and executing subjects' on such type of plantation cultivation, the stability of policy and market, the validity of long-term planning, with innovations and constructions of dynamic cultivation technology system. It was still in its infancy that precise cultivation of the HQEATF in China, thus, it is needed to be studied and innovated in social, economic and technological aspects.