Abstract: In order to explore the dynamic changes of fruit growth and oil content of Camellia vietnamensis, four high-yielding adult seedling tree samples from 16-year-old C. vietnamensis plantations in Fushan Town, Chengmai County, Hainan Province were investigated. Seed oil was extracted by Soxhlet method. The results showed that the indexes of fruit volume, fruit weight, peel weight, seed dry weight and fresh weight, kernel dry weight and fresh weight, water content and oil content of organs or tissues all showed the dynamic characteristics of S-shaped curve. From May to September and from May to August are the rapid expansion periods of fruits and seeds respectively. The preiod from August to October is the period of dry matter accumulation in seeds including oil. The water content of fruits and seeds showed an upward trend during the period from May to September and the period from May to August respectively. There were no significant changes in kernel dry weight and oil content of dry kernels after the first 10 days of October. Therefore, sufficient water should be supplied in the camellia forest from May to September, and fruit harvesting from early October will not affect the yield of C. vietnamensis seed oil.