聚乙烯蜡物理改性木材耐久性研究

Study on Durability of Physically Modified Wood by Polyethylene Wax

  • 摘要: 为提高木材在户外的应用性能,采用性质稳定的高熔点聚乙烯蜡对户外常用木材进行高压浸注物理改性,研究了改性木材的耐久性。结果表明:通过3个阶段高压浸注工艺可使木材全截面含蜡,改性木材含蜡量均可达24%以上,其中辐射松含蜡量可达58.5%;人工加速老化对改性木材抗弯性能影响较小,经过30 d的改性木材老化试样的显微观察发现,加速老化仅发生于试样木材表层;聚乙烯蜡对木材材色具有一定保护作用,但在光老化环境作用下略有褪色,聚乙烯蜡中添加紫外吸收剂和抗氧剂后改性木材的材色稳定性显著提高,总色差为4.139,相比未添加助剂减小45.3%;改性木材在天然耐久性野外测试中,改性木材表现出较强的耐腐性和抗白蚁蛀蚀性,辐射松与柳桉改性木材的耐久性分级由零级提高到九级,可应用于户外园林建筑工程中。

     

    Abstract: In order to improve the performance of wood in outdoor applications, the polyethylene wax with stable properties is applied to impregnate the commonly used wood under high pressure, and explore the stability of modified wood. The results showed that the whole section of the wood can contain wax by 3 stages of high pressure dipping. The wax content of modified wood was over 24%, and that of Pinus radiata was 58.5%; Artificial accelerated aging had little effect on the flexural properties of modified wood. After 30 days SEM observation of modified wood samples, it was found that accelerated ageing only occurred on the surface of the sample wood; Polyethylene wax has a certain protective effect on wood color. However, it faded slightly under the action of aging environment. The wood color stability of modified wood was significantly improved by adding ultraviolet absorber and antioxidant to polyethylene wax, and the total color difference ΔE was 4.139, compared with no additives, it decreased by 45.3%; In the natural durability test of wood, the modified wood had strong rot resistance and termite decay resistance. The durability of modified wood of P. radiata and Eucalyptus saligna upgraded from 0 grade to 9 grade, which can be used in outdoor landscape garden architecture.

     

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